243 lines
8.6 KiB
Markdown
243 lines
8.6 KiB
Markdown
Node.js: fs-extra
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=================
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`fs-extra` adds file system methods that aren't included in the native `fs` module and adds promise support to the `fs` methods. It should be a drop in replacement for `fs`.
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[](https://www.npmjs.org/package/fs-extra)
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[](http://travis-ci.org/jprichardson/node-fs-extra)
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[](https://ci.appveyor.com/project/jprichardson/node-fs-extra/branch/master)
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[](https://www.npmjs.org/package/fs-extra)
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[](https://coveralls.io/r/jprichardson/node-fs-extra)
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<a href="https://github.com/feross/standard"><img src="https://cdn.rawgit.com/feross/standard/master/sticker.svg" alt="Standard JavaScript" width="100"></a>
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Why?
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----
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I got tired of including `mkdirp`, `rimraf`, and `ncp` in most of my projects.
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Installation
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------------
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npm install --save fs-extra
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Usage
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-----
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`fs-extra` is a drop in replacement for native `fs`. All methods in `fs` are attached to `fs-extra`. All `fs` methods return promises if the callback isn't passed.
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You don't ever need to include the original `fs` module again:
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```js
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const fs = require('fs') // this is no longer necessary
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```
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you can now do this:
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```js
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const fs = require('fs-extra')
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```
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or if you prefer to make it clear that you're using `fs-extra` and not `fs`, you may want
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to name your `fs` variable `fse` like so:
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```js
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const fse = require('fs-extra')
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```
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you can also keep both, but it's redundant:
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```js
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const fs = require('fs')
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const fse = require('fs-extra')
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```
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Sync vs Async
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-------------
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Most methods are async by default. All async methods will return a promise if the callback isn't passed.
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Sync methods on the other hand will throw if an error occurs.
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Example:
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```js
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const fs = require('fs-extra')
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// Async with promises:
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fs.copy('/tmp/myfile', '/tmp/mynewfile')
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.then(() => console.log('success!'))
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.catch(err => console.error(err))
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// Async with callbacks:
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fs.copy('/tmp/myfile', '/tmp/mynewfile', err => {
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if (err) return console.error(err)
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console.log('success!')
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})
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// Sync:
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try {
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fs.copySync('/tmp/myfile', '/tmp/mynewfile')
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console.log('success!')
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} catch (err) {
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console.error(err)
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}
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```
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Methods
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-------
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### Async
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- [copy](docs/copy.md)
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- [emptyDir](docs/emptyDir.md)
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- [ensureFile](docs/ensureFile.md)
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- [ensureDir](docs/ensureDir.md)
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- [ensureLink](docs/ensureLink.md)
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- [ensureSymlink](docs/ensureSymlink.md)
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- [mkdirs](docs/ensureDir.md)
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- [move](docs/move.md)
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- [outputFile](docs/outputFile.md)
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- [outputJson](docs/outputJson.md)
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- [pathExists](docs/pathExists.md)
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- [readJson](docs/readJson.md)
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- [remove](docs/remove.md)
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- [writeJson](docs/writeJson.md)
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### Sync
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- [copySync](docs/copy-sync.md)
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- [emptyDirSync](docs/emptyDir-sync.md)
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- [ensureFileSync](docs/ensureFile-sync.md)
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- [ensureDirSync](docs/ensureDir-sync.md)
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- [ensureLinkSync](docs/ensureLink-sync.md)
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- [ensureSymlinkSync](docs/ensureSymlink-sync.md)
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- [mkdirsSync](docs/ensureDir-sync.md)
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- [moveSync](docs/move-sync.md)
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- [outputFileSync](docs/outputFile-sync.md)
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- [outputJsonSync](docs/outputJson-sync.md)
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- [pathExistsSync](docs/pathExists-sync.md)
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- [readJsonSync](docs/readJson-sync.md)
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- [removeSync](docs/remove-sync.md)
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- [writeJsonSync](docs/writeJson-sync.md)
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**NOTE:** You can still use the native Node.js methods. They are promisified and copied over to `fs-extra`. See [notes on `fs.read()` & `fs.write()`](docs/fs-read-write.md)
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### What happened to `walk()` and `walkSync()`?
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They were removed from `fs-extra` in v2.0.0. If you need the functionality, `walk` and `walkSync` are available as separate packages, [`klaw`](https://github.com/jprichardson/node-klaw) and [`klaw-sync`](https://github.com/manidlou/node-klaw-sync).
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Third Party
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-----------
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### TypeScript
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If you like TypeScript, you can use `fs-extra` with it: https://github.com/DefinitelyTyped/DefinitelyTyped/tree/master/types/fs-extra
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### File / Directory Watching
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If you want to watch for changes to files or directories, then you should use [chokidar](https://github.com/paulmillr/chokidar).
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### Misc.
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- [mfs](https://github.com/cadorn/mfs) - Monitor your fs-extra calls.
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Hacking on fs-extra
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-------------------
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Wanna hack on `fs-extra`? Great! Your help is needed! [fs-extra is one of the most depended upon Node.js packages](http://nodei.co/npm/fs-extra.png?downloads=true&downloadRank=true&stars=true). This project
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uses [JavaScript Standard Style](https://github.com/feross/standard) - if the name or style choices bother you,
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you're gonna have to get over it :) If `standard` is good enough for `npm`, it's good enough for `fs-extra`.
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[](https://github.com/feross/standard)
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What's needed?
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- First, take a look at existing issues. Those are probably going to be where the priority lies.
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- More tests for edge cases. Specifically on different platforms. There can never be enough tests.
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- Improve test coverage. See coveralls output for more info.
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Note: If you make any big changes, **you should definitely file an issue for discussion first.**
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### Running the Test Suite
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fs-extra contains hundreds of tests.
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- `npm run lint`: runs the linter ([standard](http://standardjs.com/))
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- `npm run unit`: runs the unit tests
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- `npm test`: runs both the linter and the tests
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### Windows
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If you run the tests on the Windows and receive a lot of symbolic link `EPERM` permission errors, it's
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because on Windows you need elevated privilege to create symbolic links. You can add this to your Windows's
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account by following the instructions here: http://superuser.com/questions/104845/permission-to-make-symbolic-links-in-windows-7
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However, I didn't have much luck doing this.
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Since I develop on Mac OS X, I use VMWare Fusion for Windows testing. I create a shared folder that I map to a drive on Windows.
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I open the `Node.js command prompt` and run as `Administrator`. I then map the network drive running the following command:
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net use z: "\\vmware-host\Shared Folders"
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I can then navigate to my `fs-extra` directory and run the tests.
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Naming
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------
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I put a lot of thought into the naming of these functions. Inspired by @coolaj86's request. So he deserves much of the credit for raising the issue. See discussion(s) here:
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* https://github.com/jprichardson/node-fs-extra/issues/2
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* https://github.com/flatiron/utile/issues/11
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* https://github.com/ryanmcgrath/wrench-js/issues/29
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* https://github.com/substack/node-mkdirp/issues/17
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First, I believe that in as many cases as possible, the [Node.js naming schemes](http://nodejs.org/api/fs.html) should be chosen. However, there are problems with the Node.js own naming schemes.
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For example, `fs.readFile()` and `fs.readdir()`: the **F** is capitalized in *File* and the **d** is not capitalized in *dir*. Perhaps a bit pedantic, but they should still be consistent. Also, Node.js has chosen a lot of POSIX naming schemes, which I believe is great. See: `fs.mkdir()`, `fs.rmdir()`, `fs.chown()`, etc.
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We have a dilemma though. How do you consistently name methods that perform the following POSIX commands: `cp`, `cp -r`, `mkdir -p`, and `rm -rf`?
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My perspective: when in doubt, err on the side of simplicity. A directory is just a hierarchical grouping of directories and files. Consider that for a moment. So when you want to copy it or remove it, in most cases you'll want to copy or remove all of its contents. When you want to create a directory, if the directory that it's suppose to be contained in does not exist, then in most cases you'll want to create that too.
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So, if you want to remove a file or a directory regardless of whether it has contents, just call `fs.remove(path)`. If you want to copy a file or a directory whether it has contents, just call `fs.copy(source, destination)`. If you want to create a directory regardless of whether its parent directories exist, just call `fs.mkdirs(path)` or `fs.mkdirp(path)`.
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Credit
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------
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`fs-extra` wouldn't be possible without using the modules from the following authors:
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- [Isaac Shlueter](https://github.com/isaacs)
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- [Charlie McConnel](https://github.com/avianflu)
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- [James Halliday](https://github.com/substack)
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- [Andrew Kelley](https://github.com/andrewrk)
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License
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-------
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Licensed under MIT
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Copyright (c) 2011-2017 [JP Richardson](https://github.com/jprichardson)
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[1]: http://nodejs.org/docs/latest/api/fs.html
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[jsonfile]: https://github.com/jprichardson/node-jsonfile
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