not a currency
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\maketitle
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\maketitle
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\begin{abstract}
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\begin{abstract}
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This paper introduces {\em Taler}, a Chaum-style digital currency that
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This paper introduces {\em Taler}, a Chaum-style digital payment system that
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enables anonymous payments while ensuring that entities that receive
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enables anonymous payments while ensuring that entities that receive
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payments are auditable. In Taler, customers can
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payments are auditable. In Taler, customers can
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never defraud anyone, merchants can only fail to deliver the
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never defraud anyone, merchants can only fail to deliver the
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@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ transactions. The refresh protocol combines an
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efficient cut-and-choose mechanism with a {\em link} step to ensure
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efficient cut-and-choose mechanism with a {\em link} step to ensure
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that refreshing is not abused for transactional payments.
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that refreshing is not abused for transactional payments.
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We argue that Taler provides a secure digital currency for modern
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We argue that Taler provides a secure digital payment system for modern
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liberal societies as it is a flexible, libre and efficient protocol
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liberal societies as it is a flexible, libre and efficient protocol
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and adequately balances the state's need for monetary control with the
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and adequately balances the state's need for monetary control with the
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citizen's needs for private economic activity.
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citizen's needs for private economic activity.
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@ -724,7 +724,7 @@ with signature $\widetilde{C} := S_K(\FDH_K(C_p))$
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where $m$ is an identifier for this transaction, $f$ is the price of the offer,
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where $m$ is an identifier for this transaction, $f$ is the price of the offer,
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and $a$ is data relevant
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and $a$ is data relevant
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to the contract indicating which services or goods the merchant will
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to the contract indicating which services or goods the merchant will
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deliver to the customer, including the {\tt /merchant-specific} URI for the payment.
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deliver to the customer, including the {\tt /merchant-specific} URI for the payment.
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$p$ is the merchant's payment information (e.g. his IBAN number), and
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$p$ is the merchant's payment information (e.g. his IBAN number), and
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$r$ is a random nonce. The merchant commits $\langle \mathcal{A} \rangle$
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$r$ is a random nonce. The merchant commits $\langle \mathcal{A} \rangle$
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to disk and sends $\mathcal{A}$ to the customer.
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to disk and sends $\mathcal{A}$ to the customer.
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@ -736,7 +736,7 @@ with signature $\widetilde{C} := S_K(\FDH_K(C_p))$
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Let $X_j$ be the exchange which signed $\widetilde{C}$ with $K$.
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Let $X_j$ be the exchange which signed $\widetilde{C}$ with $K$.
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The customer generates a \emph{deposit-permission}
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The customer generates a \emph{deposit-permission}
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$\mathcal{D} := S_c(\widetilde{C}, m, f, H(a), H(p,r), M_p)$
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$\mathcal{D} := S_c(\widetilde{C}, m, f, H(a), H(p,r), M_p)$
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and sends $\langle \mathcal{D}, X_j\rangle$ to the merchant.
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and sends $\langle \mathcal{D}, X_j\rangle$ to the merchant.
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\item[POST {\tt/deposit}]
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\item[POST {\tt/deposit}]
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The merchant gives $(\mathcal{D}, p, r)$ to the exchange, thereby
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The merchant gives $(\mathcal{D}, p, r)$ to the exchange, thereby
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revealing $p$ only to the exchange.
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revealing $p$ only to the exchange.
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@ -751,7 +751,7 @@ with signature $\widetilde{C} := S_K(\FDH_K(C_p))$
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\item[200 OK / 424 FAILED DEPENDENCY]
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\item[200 OK / 424 FAILED DEPENDENCY]
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The merchant commits and forwards the notification from the exchange to the
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The merchant commits and forwards the notification from the exchange to the
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customer, confirming the success (``200 OK'') or failure (``424 FAILED DEPENDENCY'')
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customer, confirming the success (``200 OK'') or failure (``424 FAILED DEPENDENCY'')
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of the operation.
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of the operation.
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\end{description}
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\end{description}
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We have simplified the exposition by assuming that one coin suffices,
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We have simplified the exposition by assuming that one coin suffices,
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